Example Test 2

Instructions: The first 13 questions refer to the slides we will view together in class. Please use the space provided to answer the questions.

1. (6 pts) Complete the igneous chart shown with the corresponding rock name.

2. (10 pts) Identify five types of evidence for plate tectonics. Explain briefly how each supports plate tectonics.

3. (3 pts) Each of the circled mountain ranges formed in a different way. Explain each.

4. (6 pts)  a) What are the three tectonic locations at which most volcanoes are found?

b) What are three precursor events that indicate a volcano may soon erupt?

5. (2 pts) On the figure shown are three variables—temperature, pressure and wet/dry status. Explain how to interpret this diagram at point E and how that is relevant at subduction zones.

6. (2 pts) a) What is the origin of the salt shown?

b) How does that salt influence the accumulation of oil in the Gulf of Mexico?

7. (2 pts) How does the feature shown relate to the opening of the Gulf of Mexico?

8. (3 pts) How does the east coast differ geologically from the west coast? Explain. What is the main factor causing coastlines to differ from north to south?

9. (2 pts) How does the feature shown form?

10. (2 pts) How does the feature shown form?

11. (2 pts) How does the feature shown form?

12. (7 pts) Harry Hess and Alfred Wegner each contributed key ideas that led to plate tectonic theory. a) Explain Wegner’s key idea and what led to it. Why was it rejected initially? b) Explain Hess’s two key ideas and what led to each.

13. (6 pts) Describe briefly three of the videos or stories from this section. To receive full credit, you must link them to geology.

14. (4 pts) We’ve discussed two prominent examples of hotspots in the U.S.A. Tell how they are similar and how they are different.

15. (8 pts) Based on the chart in question 1, what type of rock is likely to form

(a) at an eruption at a mid-oceanic spreading center: (b) deep beneath the ocean bottom:

(c) at an eruption at Yellowstone:

(d) deep inside a continent:

(e) at an eruption at the Andes:

(f) at an eruption in Hawaii:

(g) deep beneath the Andes:

(h) at an eruption at Mt. St. Helens:

16. (1 pt) The Earth is 4.6 billion years old. Why hasn’t it already cooled off?

17. (2 pts) Where are the youngest mountains currently growing in the contiguous U.S.A.? Where are the oldest rocks at the surface?

18. (6 pts) Sketch and label an oceanic-continental plate collision.

19. (2 pts) What is the impact of cooling rate upon texture (crystal size) of igneous rocks? Explain in terms of the table from Question 1.

20. (12 pts) Give an example of a plate tectonic setting at which each of the following rock types would form. Explain the process enough to show you understand it. For each, give a specific location, such as an National Park or mountain range, where you might encounter these rocks.

(a) igneous:

(b) sedimentary:

(c) metamorphic:

21. (4 pts) What is the connection between geology and jazz? (1 point for each item.)

22. (3 pts) Think of one of your favorite natural areas for vacationing or getting away. How does geology relate to its features? (1 point for each item.)

23. (5 pts) Think of one of the review questions that you prepared for this test that has not been asked. Answer it here.